The Nobel Prize 2025 winners were announced starting October 6 . For one week, special awards were given for work in medicine, physics, chemistry, literature, peace, and economics. Each prize was shared by experts in Stockholm and Oslo.
The Nobel Prize 2025 winner announcements, which began on October 6th, concluded today with the award for Economic Sciences. The week-long schedule brought global attention to the most groundbreaking achievements in sciences, literature, and peace work. The laureates in Physiology or Medicine, Physics, Chemistry, Literature, Peace, and Economic Sciences were announced by their respective committees in Stockholm and Oslo. This Nobel Prize 2025 Winners List provides a complete rundown of the laureates, their awarded work, and the official announcement schedule for reference.
Also Read: UPSC Makes Big Change: CSE Provisional Answer Key Right After Prelims
Nobel Prize 2025 Winners List
The table below provides the complete list of Nobel Prize laureates for 2025, as announced by the Nobel committees.
| Date | Category | Laureate(s) | Awarded Work / Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6th October 2025 | Physiology or Medicine | Mary E. Brunkow Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, USA Fred Ramsdell Sonoma Biotherapeutics, San Francisco, USA Shimon Sakaguchi Osaka University, Osaka, Japan | Awarded for discovering regulatory T cells and the Foxp3 gene’s role in controlling peripheral immune tolerance to prevent autoimmune diseases. For More- Check Here |
| 7th October 2025 | Physics | John Clarke University of California, Berkeley, USA Michel H. Devoret Yale University, New Haven, CT and University of California, Santa Barbara, USA John M. Martinis University of California, Santa Barbara, USA | For demonstrating that quantum mechanical effects like tunnelling and energy quantisation, previously thought to occur only in tiny particles, can also be observed in large-scale superconducting circuits that can be held in the hand. For More- Check Here |
| 8th October 2025 | Chemistry | Susumu Kitagawa Kyoto University, Japan. Richard Robson University of Melbourne, Australia. Omar M. Yaghi University of California, Berkeley, USA. | The 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to scientists who built special molecular structures called metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). These have tiny spaces that let gases and chemicals pass through. They can help collect water from dry air, trap carbon dioxide, store harmful gases, or speed up chemical reactions. For More – Check Here |
| 9th October 2025 | Literature | László Krasznahorkai | László Krasznahorkai won the Nobel Prize in Literature for his visionary prose that explores chaos, faith, and the beauty hidden within human despair. For More – Check Here |
| 10th October 2025 | Peace | Maria Corina Machado | Maria Corina Machado received the 2025 Nobel Peace Prize for her relentless efforts to promote democracy and a peaceful transition from dictatorship in Venezuela. For More – Check Here |
| 13th October 2025 | Economic Sciences | Joel Mokyr Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA, Eitan Berglas School of Economics, Tel Aviv University, Israel Philippe Aghion Collège de France and INSEAD, Paris, France, The London School of Economics and Political Science, UK Peter Howitt Brown University, Providence, RI, USA |
Also REad: IIT GATE Sample Question Paper 2026 Out, Download PDF at gate2026.iitg.ac.in
Nobel Prize 2025 Winners: Category-Wise Analysis
Here is a more detailed look at the achievements recognized in each category for 2025.
Physiology or Medicine
The Nobel Prize in Medicine 2025 was awarded for discovering how the immune system is kept in check. The winners found special cells called regulatory T cells. These cells act as security guards. They prevent the immune system from attacking the body’s own tissues. This discovery helps us understand autoimmune diseases, where the immune system wrongly attacks the body. The research shows that these cells move throughout the body to protect it. Scientists also learned that the Foxp3 gene controls these cells. Their work has led to new treatments for diseases like cancer and multiple sclerosis. This discovery is an important step forward in medicine.
Physics
The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret, and John M. Martinis for demonstrating that quantum mechanical effects like tunnelling and energy quantisation, previously thought to occur only in tiny particles, can also be observed in large-scale superconducting circuits that can be held in the hand. This discovery bridges the quantum and macroscopic worlds and lays foundational work for quantum computing and advanced digital technology.
Chemistry
The 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry went to Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson, and Omar Yaghi for creating special molecular structures called metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). These are crystals made of metal ions connected by long organic molecules, forming large cavities that can hold or allow gases and chemicals to pass through. MOFs can be designed to capture specific substances, store harmful gases, harvest water from dry air, trap carbon dioxide, clean pollutants, or even drive chemical reactions.
The idea began in 1989 when Robson built spacious crystals using copper ions and a special molecule, but they were unstable. Kitagawa later showed gases could move in and out of MOFs, while Yaghi made them strong and adjustable for new uses. Today, thousands of MOFs exist with potential to help solve major environmental and technological challenges.
Literature
László Krasznahorkai, born in 1954 in Hungary, is a famous writer known for his long, flowing sentences and dark, intense stories. His first novel Sátántangó shows poor villagers waiting for change, but finding only disappointment. Books like The Melancholy of Resistance and War & War explore chaos, power, and the struggle between hope and destruction. In Baron Wenckheim’s Homecoming and Herscht 07769, he writes about lost people and troubled societies. Later, inspired by his travels in Japan and China, he wrote peaceful, thoughtful books like Seiobo There Below about beauty and art. His short story Spadework for a Palace mixes madness, humor, and love for literature.
Nobel Peace Prize 2025
Maria Corina Machado is a Venezuelan leader who has long worked for democracy in her country.
She has shown great courage in standing up against dictatorship and injustice.
She received the 2025 Nobel Peace Prize for her efforts to bring peace and democratic change to Venezuela.
Other category details will update as per the Schedule
Nobel Prize 2025 Announcements Full Schedule
The announcements for the Nobel Prize 2025 followed the traditional schedule from October 6th to October 13th. All announcements were streamed live on the official Nobel Prize digital channels.
| Date | Category | Presented By |
|---|---|---|
| 6th October 2025 (Mon) | Physiology or Medicine | Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm |
| 7th October 2025 (Tue) | Physics | Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm |
| 8th October 2025 (Wed) | Chemistry | Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm |
| 9th October 2025 (Thu) | Literature | Swedish Academy, Stockholm |
| 10th October 2025 (Fri) | Peace | Norwegian Nobel Committee, Oslo |
| 13th October 2025 (Mon) | Economic Sciences | Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm |
You can Check More Details Here – www.nobelprize.org
Nobel Prize 2025 FAQs
Q: Who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2025?
Ans: Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi.
Q. When and where will the Nobel Prize 2025 award ceremony be held?
Ans: The Nobel Prize award ceremony will be held on December 10, 2025, the anniversary of Alfred Nobel’s death. The prizes for Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Economic Sciences are presented in Stockholm, Sweden, while the Nobel Peace Prize is presented in Oslo, Norway.
Q. What do the Nobel Laureates receive?
Ans: Each laureate receives a Nobel Prize diploma, a gold medal, and a monetary award. For 2025, the full monetary award for each category is 11 million Swedish kronor (approximately $1.2 million USD), which is shared if there are multiple winners in a category.
Q. Who decides the Nobel Prize winners?
Ans: Different institutions are responsible for each prize:
- Physics, Chemistry, and Economic Sciences: The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
- Physiology or Medicine: The Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute.
- Literature: The Swedish Academy.
- Peace: The Norwegian Nobel Committee.
Q5. Was there a prize not awarded this year?
Ans: No, all six Nobel Prize categories announced a winner for the year 2025.